Court of law

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Court of law

Court of law

A judicial body. A court specialized in a particular legal subject, such as a labor court, rabbinical court, disciplinary court, etc. (Originally: a court in general.)

(“And they do not go out to a private war except by the decision of the court of seventy-one” – Sanhedrin 1:5; and likewise: “Rabbi Eliezer ben Zadok said: An incident occurred with a daughter of a priest who committed adultery, and they bound her with bundles of reeds and burned her. They said to him: because there was no court at that time proficient in the matter” – Sanhedrin 7:2.)

Translation

Expression (Hebrew)

בֵּית דִּין, בי״ד

Definition (Hebrew)

עַרְכָּאָה שִׁפּוּטִית. בֵּית מִשְׁפָּט הֲמִתְיַחֵד בְּמוּמְחִיוּת מִשְׁפָּטִית לְנוֹשֵׂא מְסֻיָּם, כְּמוֹ בֵּית הַדִּין לְדִינֵי עֲבוֹדָה, בֵּית הַדִּין הָרַבָּנִי, בֵּית דִּין הַמִּשְׁמַעְתִּי וְכָו (בַּמָּקוֹר: בֵּית מִשְׁפָּט בְּאוֹפֶן כְּלָלִי)

("וְאֵין מוֹצִיאִין לְמִלְחֶמֶת הָרְשׁוּת אֶלָּא עַל פִּי בֵּית דִּין שֶׁל שִׁבְעִים וְאֶחָד" – סַנְהֶדְרִין א׳ ה׳, וְכֵן: "אָמַר רַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר בֶּן צָדוֹק: מַעֲשֶׂה בְּבַת כֹּהֵן אַחַת שֶׁזִּינְתָה וְהִקִּיפוּהָ חֲבִילֵי זְמוּרוֹת וְשָׂרְפוּהַ. אָמְרוּ לוֹ, מִפְּנֵי שֶׁלֹּא הָיָה בֵּית דִּין שֶׁל אוֹתָה הַשָּׁעָה בָּקִי" – סַנְהֶדְרִין ז׳ ב׳)

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