Penal Laws

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Penal Laws

Penal Laws

The criminal law. The statutes and procedures pertaining to the punishment of one who violates the law.

(“‘And you shall not pity: life for life, eye for an eye’—this is a warning not to show mercy to one who kills or injures his fellow; these are matters of fines and punishments. Likewise, the hidden matters belong to the Lord our God—I have already explained them regarding the cursed ones. Concerning the hidden matters, blessings and curses were involved, which cannot be enforced by a court, but only by God. For us and our children, we carry out punishments only according to the testimony of witnesses.”)

Translation

Expression (Hebrew)

דִּינֵי עֳנָשִׁין

Definition (Hebrew)

הַמִּשְׁפָּט הַפְּלִילִי. הַחֻקִּים וְהַהֲלָכוֹת הַנּוֹגְעוֹת לַעֲנִישַׁת מִי שֶׁעוֹבֵר עַל הַחֹק.

("וְלֹא תָּחוּס עֵינֶיךָ נֶפֶשׁ בְּנָפ' עַיִן בְּעַיִן הֲרֵי זוֹ אַזְהָרָה שֶׁלֹּא לָחוּס עַל הוֹרֵג חֲבֵרוֹ אוֹ חוֹבֵל בּוֹ אֵין לִי אֶלָּא דִּינֵי קְנָסוֹת דִּינֵי עוֹנְשִׁין"- מִדְרַשׁ תַּנָּאִים לִדְבָרִים פֶּרֶק יט כא, וְכֵן:"הַנִּסְתָּרוֹת לָה' אֱלֹהֵינוּ - כְּבָר פֵּרַשְׁתִּיו אֵצֶל הָאֲרוּרִים. עַל הַנִּסְתָּרוֹת הָיוּ הַבְּרָכוֹת וְהַקְּלָלוֹת, שֶׁאֵין הַדָּבָר לֵעָנֵשׁ בְּיַד בֵּית דִּין, אֶלָּא בְּיַד הקב"ה. לָנוּ וּלְבָנֵינוּ- לַעֲשׂוֹת דִּינֵי עוֹנְשִׁין עַל פִּי עֵדִים"- רַשְׁבָּ"ם דְּבָרִים כט כֹּחַ)

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