the prosecutor cannot be counsel for defence

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the prosecutor cannot be counsel for defence

the prosecutor cannot be counsel for defence

A person whose role is to accuse and speak against the defendant in a trial cannot also take on the role of defending the defendant and speak in his favor. (Originally: gold reminds of the sin of the golden calf which was made of gold, so the High Priest cannot wear it when praying on behalf of Israel.)

(“Rav Chisda said: Why does the High Priest not enter wearing golden garments into the Holy of Holies to perform the service? – Because the prosecutor cannot be counsel for defence” – Rosh Hashanah 26a. Also: “All shofars are valid except for that of a cow, for the cow’s horn recalls the sin of the golden calf, and as is known, the prosecutor cannot be counsel for defence.” – H. Baer, El Makom Sheharuach Holech, 57)

Translation

Expression (Hebrew)

אֵין קָטֵגוֹר נַעֲשָׂה סָנֵיגוֹר

Definition (Hebrew)

אָדָם שֶׁתַּפְקִידוֹ לְהַאֲשִׁים וּלְדַבֵּר לְרָעָתוֹ שֶׁל הַנֶּאֱשָׁם בַּמִּשְׁפָּט אֵינוֹ יָכוֹל גַּם לָקַחַת אֶת תַּפְקִיד הַהֲגָנָה עַל הַנֶּאֱשָׁם וּלְדַבֵּר גַּם בִּזְכוּתוֹ (בַּמָּקוֹר: הַזָּהָב שֶׁהָיָה בַּמִּקְדָּשׁ "מַזְכִּיר" אֶת חֵטְא הָעֵגֶל שֶׁחָטְאוּ בּוֹ בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל, כִּי גַּם הוּא הָיָה עָשׂוּי מִזָּהָב וְלָכֵן אֵין הַכֹּהֵן הַגָּדוֹל יָכוֹל לִלְבֹשׁ זָהָב בְּעֵת שֶׁבָּהּ לְהִתְפַּלֵּל לִזְכוּת עַם יִשְׂרָאֵל).

("אָמַר רַב חִסְדָּא: מִפְּנֵי מָה אֵין כֹּהֵן גָּדוֹל נִכְנַס בְּבִגְדֵי זָהָב לִפְנֵי וְלִפְנִים לַעֲבֹד עֲבוֹדָה? - לְפִי שֶׁאֵין קָטֵגוֹר נַעֲשֶׂה סָנֵגוֹר"- רֹאשׁ הַשָּׁנָה כו ע"א, וְכֵן: "שֶׁכָּל הַשּׁוֹפָרוֹת כְּשֵׁרִים חוּץ מִשֶּׁל פָּרָה, שֶׁקֶּרֶן הַפָּרָה מַזְכִּירָה אֶת חֵטְא הָעֵגֶל, וְכַיָּדוּעַ אֵין קָטֵגוֹר נַעֲשֶׂה סָנֵגוֹר"- ח.בְּאֵר/ אֶל מָקוֹם שֶׁהָרוּחַ הוֹלֵךְ, 57)

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