זְכִין לָאָדָם שֶׁלֹּא בְּפָנָיו
נִיתָּן לְזַכּוֹת אָדָם בַּמִּשְׁפָּט גַּם לְלֹא שְׁמִיעַת עֶמְדָּתוֹ בַּנּוֹשֵׂא. אֶפְשָׁר לְהַעֲנִיק לָאָדָם דָּבָר טוֹב הַמּוֹעִיל לוֹ גַּם אִם אֵינוֹ נוֹכֵחַ (רְאֵה גַּם:"אֵין חָבִין לָאָדָם שֶׁלֹּא בְּפָנָיו").
("אֲבָל בְּעֵרוּבֵי חֲצֵרוֹת מְעָרְבִין לְדַעְתּוֹ וְשֶׁלֹּא לְדַעְתּוֹ לְפִי שֶׁזָּכִין לָאָדָם שֶׁלֹּא בְּפָנָיו וְאֵין חָבִין לָאָדָם שֶׁלֹּא בְּפָנָיו"-עֵרוּבִין ז יָא)
תרגום
ביטוי (אנגלית)
A person is credited even if not before him
הגדרה (אנגלית)
It is possible to acquit a person in court even without hearing his standing in court. It is possible to grant a person a good deed that benefits him even if he does not receive it (see also: "There is no debt to a person who is not in his presence").
("But in the case of a surety of a suretyship, a surety is surety with his knowledge and without his knowledge, according to the law, that he is entitled to a person who is not in his presence, and there is no debtor to a person who is not in his presence" - Erubin 7:11)