By heart/ orally/ (to learn by rote (heart)/to memorize)

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By heart/ orally/ (to learn by rote (heart)/to memorize)

By heart/ orally/ (to learn by rote (heart)/to memorize)

From memory. The ability to quote without reading from the text.

("Tanu Rabbanan: An incident with a certain foreigner who came before Shammai, he said to him: How many Torahs do you have? He said to him: Two, the Written Torah and the Oral Torah. He said to him: The Written I believe you, but the Oral I do not believe you. Convert me so you will teach me the Written Torah. He rebuked him and expelled him with a reprimand. He came before Hillel, who converted him." - Shabbat 31a, and also: "But in 'זה זכרי' (This is my memorial) which indicates his nickname, and his nickname is not hinted there... Therefore the Rabbi had to say: 'Learn how he is called', and about that which they learned by heart, the Torah wrote 'וזה זכרי' (and this is my memorial), meaning by this nickname I taught you, remind it." - Rabbi Eliyahu Mizrachi (HaRa'am) Exodus 3:15, and also: "If he had a siddur in his hand... and orally does not even know how to pray! Nothing at all!" - Y.L. Peretz / Mesirut Nefesh, 115, and also: "He gives him the 'musarot' (instructions) and teaches him practical Halacha by heart 'tightly'" - Bialik / Behind the Fence, 88, and also: "He continued the entire chapter, and repeated it several times until they knew it by heart" - Chaim Sabato / Like the Blink of Dawn, 102)

Translation

Expression (Hebrew)

בְּעַל פֶּה (לָמַד בְּעַל פֶּה)

Definition (Hebrew)

מִתּוֹךְ הַזִּכָּרוֹן. יְכֹלֶת לְצַטֵּט מִבְּלִי לִקְרֹא מִן הַכְּתָב.

("תַּנּוּ רַבָּנָן: מַעֲשֶׂה בְּנָכְרִי אֶחָד שֶׁבָּא לִפְנֵי שַׁמַּאי, אָמַר לוֹ: כַּמָּה תּוֹרוֹת יֵשׁ לָכֶם? אָמַר לוֹ: שְׁתַּיִם, תּוֹרָה שֶׁבִּכְתָב וְתוֹרָה שֶׁבְּעַל פֶּה. אָמַר לוֹ: שֶׁבִּכְתָב- אֲנִי מַאֲמִינְךָ, וְשֶׁבְּעַל פֹּה- אֵינִי מַאֲמִינְךָ. גַּיְּרֵנִי עַל מְנָת שֶׁתְּלַמְּדֵנִי תּוֹרָה שֶׁבִּכְתָב. גָּעַר בּוֹ וְהוֹצִיאוֹ בִּנְזִיפָה. בָּא לִפְנֵי הִלֵּל, גַּיְּרִיהָ"- שַׁבָּת לֹא ע"א, וְכֵן:"אֲבָל ב"זֶה זִכְרִי" שֶׁהוּא מוֹרֶה עַל כִּנּוּיוֹ, וְכִנּוּיוֹ אֵינוֹ רָמוּז שָׁם...לְפִיכָךְ הֻצְרַךְ הָרַב לוֹמַר: "לִמְדוּ הֵיאַךְ נִקְרָא", וְעַל אוֹתוֹ שֶׁלְּמַדּוֹ בְּעַל פֶּה כָּתְבָה הַתּוֹרָה "וְזֶה זִכְרִי", כְּלוֹמַר בָּזֶה הַכִּנּוּי שֶׁלְּמַדְתִּיךָ תַּזְכִּיר אוֹתוֹ"- רַבִּי אֵלִיָּהוּ מִזְרָחִי (הרא"ם) שְׁמוֹת ג טוּ, וְכֵן: "לוּ הָיָה סִדּוּר בְּיָדוֹ... וּבְעַל פֶּה אֵינוֹ יוֹדֵעַ אֲפִלּוּ לְהִתְפַּלֵּל! לֹא כְּלוּם! "- י.ל.פֶּרֶץ/ מְסִירוּת נֶפֶשׁ, קסט, וְכֵן: "נוֹתֵן עָלָיו אֶת הַ"מוֹסְרוֹת" וּמְלַמְּדוֹ הֲלָכָה לְמַעֲשֶׂה בְּעַל פֶּה "הַדֵּק הֵיטֵב"-בְּיָאלִיק / מֵאֲחוֹרֵי הַגָּדֵר, ח קה, וְכֵן: "הִמְשִׁיךְ כָּל הַפֶּרֶק, וְחָזַר עָלָיו כַּמָּה פְּעָמִים עַד שֶׁיְּדָעוֹ בְּעַל פֶּה"-חַיִּים סָבָתוֹ/ כְּעַפְעַפֵּי שַׁחַר, 102)

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