חִיּוּב מִדְּאוֹרָיְיתָא, אִיסּוּר מִדְּאוֹרָיְיתָא (חִיּוּב מִדְּרַבָּנַן)
'חִיּוּב מִדְּאוֹרָיְתָא' אוֹ 'אִסּוּר מִדְּאוֹרָיְתָא' הוּא חִיּוּב אוֹ אִסּוּר שֶׁהַתּוֹרָה עַצְמָהּ מִצְוָה עָלָיו. 'חִיּוּב מִדְּרַבָּנַן' הוּא חִיּוּב שֶׁחָזָ"ל קָבְעוּ עַל פִּי הַסַּמְכוּת שֶׁהִקְנְתָה לָהֶם הַתּוֹרָה. לַהַבְחָנָה בֵּין שְׁנֵי סוּגֵי הָאִסּוּרִים יְשָׁנָה מַשְׁמָעוּת הִלְכָתִית.
("וּקְטַנִּים פְּטוּרִין מִן הַסֻּכָּה...קָטָן שֶׁאֵינוֹ צָרִיךְ לְאִמּוֹ- מִדַּרְבָּנָן הוּא דְּמִחְיָב"- סֻכָּה ב ע"ב, וְכֵן:"כִּי דְּבָרִים שֶׁלֹּא נִכְתְּבוּ בַּתּוֹרָה נִמְסְרוּ לַחֲכָמִים...וְיֵשׁ מִי שֶׁמְּזַלְזֵל דִּבְרֵיהֶם, וְאֵין מַאֲמִין דִּבְרֵיהֶם, מֵחֲמַת שֶׁנִּדְמֶה לוֹ שֶׁמִּדְּאוֹרָיְתָא אֵינוֹ כֵּן"- ר' נַחְמָן מִבְּרֶסְלָב/לִקּוּטֵי מוהר"ן,תּוֹרָה נ"ז, א', וְכֵן:"וְעוֹד מִטַּעַם אַחֵר אֲנִי אוֹמֵר שֶׁאֵין רָאוּי לְגַלּוֹת לְעַמֵּי הָאָרֶץ הָאִסּוּרִין שֶׁהֵם מִדְּרַבָּנַן, וְטַעֲמָן וְנִמּוּקָן, פֶּן יָבוֹאוּ לְהָקֵל לְפִי מִעוּט דַּעְתָּם הַכּוֹזֵב...פֶּן יָבוֹאוּ לְהִתְרַעֵם וּלְדַבֵּר סָרָה עַל רַבּוֹתֵינוּ הַקְּדוֹשִׁים, וְלוֹמַר כַּמָּה הִכְבִּידוּ אֶת עוֹלָם עָלֵינוּ, וְהַרְבֵּה גְּזֵרוֹת וְאִסּוּרִין אָסְרוּ עָלֵינוּ, יוֹתֵר וְיוֹתֵר מִמָּה שֶׁאָסְרָה הַתּוֹרָה...וְהַלְוַאי שֶׁהָיוּ גּוֹזְרִים עָלֵינוּ יוֹתֵר"- פֶּלֶא יוֹעֵץ/ אוֹת ס', סְיָג, וְכֵן:"אִי אֶפְשָׁר...הַשָּׂגַת גְּבוּל מִדְּאוֹרָיְתָא"- בְּיָאלִיק/ מֵאֲחוֹרֵי הַגָּדֵר, ו, צה,וְכֵן:"וְאִי אַתָּה מַכִּיר בְּהַשְׁקָפָה רִאשׁוֹנָה אִם צוֹרְבָא דְּרַבָּנָן הוּא אוֹ עַם הָאָרֶץ מִדְּאוֹרָיְתָא"- עַגְנוֹן/ הַכְּנֶסֶת כַּלָּה)
תרגום
ביטוי (אנגלית)
Biblical obligation, biblical prohibition (rabbinic obligation)/ Biblical injunction (the biblical law), as opposed to Rabbinic injunction/ (a Rabbinical commandment)
הגדרה (אנגלית)
'A love from the Torah' or 'a prohibition from the Torah' is a love or a prohibition that the Torah itself commands. 'A love from the Durban' is a love that the Sages determined based on the authority that the Torah gave them. The distinction between the two types of prohibitions has a historical meaning.
("And the little ones are exempt from the sukkah...the little one who is not necessary to his mother - from the one who is a scoundrel is a scoundrel" - Sukkah 2:2, and so: "For things that are not written in the Torah were handed down to the wise...and there is one who despises their words, and does not believe their words, from a heat that seems to him to be from the law, but it is not so" - R. Nachman From Breslav/Likkutei Moharan, Torah 57:1, and so on: "And yet from another taste I say that there is no vision of the exiles to the people of the forbidden land who are from the land of the Assyrians, who are from the land of the Assyrians, and who are from the land of the Assyrians, and who are from the land of the Assyrians, lest they come to be lightened by their little false knowledge... lest they come to be troubled and to speak evil of our holy rabbis, and to say how much they have burdened The world is upon us, and many restrictions and prohibitions have been imposed upon us, more and more of what the Torah has prohibited...and I wish that they were restrictions upon us, it would be granted"- Pela Yoetz/ Oth S., Siag, and so on:"Is it possible...the boundary of your land has been crossed"- Bialik/ from behind the fence, and, Tza, and so on:"And I know you at the first glance if it burns "He is a shepherd or a people of the land from Doria" - Agnon/ The Synagogue of All)