To give someone a bad name/ to libel/ defame/ defamation/ libeling

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To give someone a bad name/ to libel/ defame/ defamation/ libeling

To give someone a bad name/ to libel/ defame/ defamation/ libeling

To spread slanderous gossip about someone. To speak slanderous or false things. Or: To behave in a reprehensible manner.

("For a man shall take a wife, and come unto her, and hate her. And call her by her slanderous words, and cast forth an evil name upon her, and say... And I came near unto her, and found her not a virgin" - Devarim 22:13, and so: "Rabbi Eleazar ben Parta said: Come and see how great is the power of the evil tongue from (the work of) spies: and what spies are that cast forth an evil name upon "Woods and stones, so is he who brings forth a bad name against his friend, against one as much and as much as much" - Arachin 12:2, and so: "There is a greater sin than this...and that is the evil tongue, and that is the one who speaks against his friend, even though he spoke the truth. But he who speaks falsely - brings forth a bad name against his friend, even though he spoke the truth." - Rambam/ Sefer Hamada, Hilchot De'ot, chap. Shebii, 2, 109, and so on: "Like a hunt, the men of Torah will give their hand to gossip, to speak evil, and to utter a bad name" - Y. Burla/Kisupim, 286)

Translation

Expression (Hebrew)

הוֹצִיא שֵׁם רַע (הוֹצֵאת שֵׁם רַע)

Definition (Hebrew)

פִּרְסֵם לְשׁוֹן הָרַעֲדִיבָר בִּגְנוּת אָדָם. סִפֵּר דְּבָרִים מְבַזִּים אוֹ שִׁקְרִיִּים. אוֹ: הִתְנַהֵג בְּצוּרָה מְגֻנָּה.

("כִּי יִקַּח אִישׁ אִשָּׁה וּבָא אֵלֶיהָ וּשְׂנֵאָהּ. וְשָׂם לָהּ עֲלִילֹת דְּבָרִים וְהוֹצִא עָלֶיהָ שֵׁם רָע וְאָמַר... וָאֶקְרַב אֵלֶיהָ וְלֹא מָצָאתִי לָהּ בְּתוּלִים"- דְּבָרִים כב יג, וְכֵן:"אָמַר ר' אֶלְעָזָר בֶּן פַּרְטָא: בֹּא וּרְאֵה כַּמָּה גָּדוֹל כּוֹחוֹ שֶׁל לָשׁוֹן הָרַע מ(מַעֲשֵׂה ה)מְרַגְּלִים: וּמָה מְרַגְּלִים שֶׁהוֹצִיאוּ שֵׁם רַע עַל עֵצִים וַאֲבָנִים, כָּךְ הַמּוֹצִיא שֵׁם רַע עַל חֲבֵרוֹ, עַל אַחַת כַּמָּה וְכַמָּה"- עֲרָכִין טוּ ע"ב, וְכֵן:"יֵשׁ עָווֹן גָּדוֹל מִזֶּה עַד מְאֹד...וְהוּא לָשׁוֹן הָרַע, וְהוּא הַמְּסַפֵּר בִּגְנוּת חֲבֵרוֹ, אַף עַל פִּי שֶׁאָמַר אֱמֶת. אֲבָל הָאוֹמֵר שֶׁקֶר- מוֹצִיא שֵׁם רַע עַל חֲבֵרוֹ נִקְרָא"- הָרַמְבָּ"ם/ סֵפֶר הַמַּדָּע,הִלְכוֹת דֵּעוֹת, פֶּרֶק שְׁבִיעִי, ב, 109, וְכֵן:"כֵּיצַד יִתְּנוּ אַנְשֵׁי תּוֹרָה יָדָם לַעֲלִילוֹת דְּבָרִים ,לְלָשׁוֹן הָרַע וּלְהוֹצָאַת שֵׁם רַע"- י.בּוּרְלָא/כִּסּוּפִים, 286)

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